| 講演抄録／キーワード |
| 講演名 |
2011-12-10 14:25
中高齢者の読書速度の低下と眼球運動の関係
○初坂奈津子（金沢医科大/金沢工大）・鈴屋雄輔・河原哲夫（金沢工大）・佐々木 洋（金沢医科大） |
| 抄録 |
（和） |
読書時の眼球運動はsaccadeとfixation(停留)の繰り返しであり，一般にはこれらが効率よく機能している．一方，日常において健常な中高齢者でも老視等の影響により読書速度の低下がみられる．本研究では，加齢に伴う読書速度の低下と眼球運動との関係について検討する．対象は21歳〜60歳までの眼科的異常のない健常成人15名とした．視標は日常の臨床で用いられるMNREAD-J縦書きの文章をPC画面中央に表示し，文字サイズはlogMAR1.0，0.5の2種類とした．被験者は30cmの標準測定距離で文章を朗読し，同時にアイマークレコーダー(ナック)を用いて朗読時の眼球運動を測定した．朗読時間は加齢に伴い遅くなる傾向を示した．眼球運動では年齢による停留時間の差異は見られないが，20代に比較して50代の停留回数の増加つまりsaccade幅の有意な減少が確認され，これが高齢者の読書速度低下の主要因と示唆された． |
| （英） |
Eye movements during reading are consisted of repetitions of saccade and fixation and function effectively. Meanwhile, it shows that reading speed decreases even in the healthy elderly due to some effects such as presbyopia. We examined a relationship between decrease of reading speed and eye movements with aging. Subjects comprised 15 adults from 21 to 60 years old with no ophthalmic diseases. Experiment1: The subjects were asked to read the clinical-used vertical text, MNREAD-J, 10 letters ×3 lines (30 letters), appeared on PC, and showed 30 times each letter size of logMAR 10 and 0.5 with keeping 30 cm distances from the text. We measured fixation time, fixation frequency, eye-movement tracking, and pupil size using Eyemark Recorder (Nac). Experiment2: The elderly tend to have low near visual acuity because of accommodation degeneration. We compared eye movements of young adult with of the elderly under a certain condition which young adult asked to reduce vision with convex lenses. The mean logMAR among the elderly was 0.13±0.11 and near visual acuity of young adult was reduced under the average. Text was reformed MNREAD-J, 20 vertical letters with logMAR 1.0 and 0.5 size, and measured in the same way as Experience 1. Reading speed decreased with aging. Fixation frequency of 50s increased compared with 20s although there was no difference in fixation time with age, which showed saccade length decreased significantly (p<0.05) and suggested that this was a main reason of decrease of reading speed in the elderly. Saccade length of young adult was significantly long compared with the elderly with the usage of convex lenses (p<0.05). Also the elderly made regressions back frequently. Decrease of reading speed with aging is attributed to reduction of saccade length not to the delay of fixation time and has something to do with factors other than degeneration of near visual acuity. |
| キーワード |
（和） |
加齢 / 読書速度の低下 / 眼球運動 / saccade幅 / / / / |
| （英） |
Elderly / Reading Performance / Eye Movement / Saccade Length / / / / |
| 文献情報 |
映情学技報, vol. 35, no. 51, HI2011-91, pp. 75-79, 2011年12月. |
| 資料番号 |
HI2011-91 |
| 発行日 |
2011-12-02 (HI) |
| ISSN |
Print edition: ISSN 1342-6893 |
| PDFダウンロード |
|
|