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Paper Abstract and Keywords
Presentation 2026-09-24 13:50
Distortion-Free Underwater Imaging in a Spherical Water Tank Using a Plane-Symmetric Imaging Optical System
Keigo Fukuda, Ryotaro Umemoto, Kengo Fujii (NUT), Yendo Tomohiro (TCU), Masahiro Iwahashi (NUT)
Abstract (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Aerial displays enable images to be viewed in midair without the need for special eyewear and have been applied to various fields, including outdoor advertising and museum exhibitions. By setting the image formation position of an aerial display underwater, images can be displayed as if they were floating in water, enabling applications such as aquarium exhibits. However, refraction caused by the water surface and the walls of the water tank results in image distortion and displacement of the image formation position. Therefore, this study aims to achieve distortion-free image formation underwater regardless of the shape of the container. We propose a method for constructing a plane-symmetric optical system using double imaging. A prototype system was fabricated, and experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Keyword (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
(in English) Aerial image / Aquatic image / Retro-reflection / AIRR / / / /  
Reference Info. ITE Tech. Rep., vol. 50, no. 27, 3DMT2026-49, pp. 21-24, Sept. 2026.
Paper # 3DMT2026-49 
Date of Issue 2026-09-17 (3DMT) 
ISSN Online edition: ISSN 2424-1970
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Conference Information
Committee 3DMT  
Conference Date 2026-09-24 - 2026-09-25 
Place (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Place (in English) Nagasaki University 
Topics (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Topics (in English)  
Paper Information
Registration To 3DMT 
Conference Code 2026-09-3DMT 
Language Japanese 
Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Sub Title (in Japanese) (See Japanese page) 
Title (in English) Distortion-Free Underwater Imaging in a Spherical Water Tank Using a Plane-Symmetric Imaging Optical System 
Sub Title (in English)  
Keyword(1) Aerial image  
Keyword(2) Aquatic image  
Keyword(3) Retro-reflection  
Keyword(4) AIRR  
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Keyword(6)  
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1st Author's Name Keigo Fukuda  
1st Author's Affiliation Nagaoka University of Technology (NUT)
2nd Author's Name Ryotaro Umemoto  
2nd Author's Affiliation Nagaoka University of Technology (NUT)
3rd Author's Name Kengo Fujii  
3rd Author's Affiliation Nagaoka University of Technology (NUT)
4th Author's Name Yendo Tomohiro  
4th Author's Affiliation Tokyo City University (TCU)
5th Author's Name Masahiro Iwahashi  
5th Author's Affiliation Nagaoka University of Technology (NUT)
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Speaker Author-1 
Date Time 2026-09-24 13:50:00 
Presentation Time 20 minutes 
Registration for 3DMT 
Paper # 3DMT2026-49 
Volume (vol) vol.50 
Number (no) no.27 
Page pp.21-24 
#Pages 4 
Date of Issue 2026-09-17 (3DMT) 


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